What is pulmonary drug delivery system?
Pulmonary drug delivery is a developing technology in which medication is inhaled through the lungs and enters the bloodstream through the alveolar epithelium. Pulmonary drug delivery provides a noninvasive, alternative method to subcutaneous injection, and also intravenous injection.
What is Naso pulmonary drug delivery?
Nasal and pulmonary delivery are non-invasive routes of administration that target the delivered dose directly to the site of drug action [2,3]. Moreover, drug delivery to the respiratory area can also be used for systemic delivery of peptides and proteins due to the large surface area for drug absorption.
How are drugs delivered directly to the respiratory system?
The most common method used in laboratory is the intratracheal instillation. In the intratracheal instillation, a small amount of drug solution or dispersion is delivered into the lungs by a special syringe. This provides a fast and quantifiable method of drug delivery to the lungs.
What factors influence drug delivery in the lungs?
Airway geometry, humidity, clearance mechanisms and presence of lung disease influence the deposition of aerosols and therefore influence the therapeutic effectiveness of inhaled medications. A drug’s efficacy may be affected by the site of deposition in the respiratory tract and the delivered dose to that site.
What is a disadvantage of inhaled medication?
Disadvantages of IADs are as follows: Large size and volume of device. Bacterial contamination is possible; device needs to be cleaned periodically. Electrostatic charges may reduce drug delivery to the lungs.
What is passive delivery?
In passive targeting, the drug’s success is directly related to circulation time. This is achieved by cloaking the nanoparticle with some sort of coating. Several substances can achieve this, with one of them being polyethylene glycol (PEG).
How do you formulate liposomes?
Liposome formulation is composed of PCs, cholesterol, and MPEG at the optimal molar ratio (EPC/HEPC/Chol/MPEG = 15/5/2/1). The drug loading capacity of the liposomes was found to be paclitaxel concentration dependent.
What are the advantages of administering a drug directly to the lung for the treatment of asthma?
As therapeutic agents are delivered directly to the lungs, the inhaled route offers a more rapid onset of action, allows smaller doses to be used and has a better efficacy to safety ratio compared to systemic therapy.
What factors we need to consider before developing an inhalation drug delivery system?
The development of an inhalation product must take into account of the following factors: (a) type of drugs being delivered to the lung, such as local or systemic action, chemical or biological drug, and dose and frequency for patient use; (b) physico-chemical properties of the drug substance, such as solubility …
What is the preferred method for delivering bronchodilators to spontaneously breathing and intubated ventilated patients?
Inhaled bronchodilators in mechanically ventilated patients may be delivered either by a nebulizer or by a MDI [2**]. It is generally believed that nebulizers are superior to MDIs during mechanical ventilation.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of the inhaled route of drug delivery?
Discussion and Conclusion: The US has advantages: quiet, does not require coordinating abilities, without propellant gases and quick nebulization with small amount of solution. Disadvantages: change in the active principle of thermosensitive drugs, deposition in the oropharynx and VAI of 2% of inhaled particles.
