What are C&C domains?

A command-and-control [C&C] server is a computer controlled by an attacker or cybercriminal which is used to send commands to systems compromised by malware and receive stolen data from a target network. C&C servers also serve as the headquarters for compromised machines in a botnet.

How do you call a method dynamically in C#?

To invoke a method dynamically at runtime:

1. Assuming that you have an object of type System.
2. Type object[] params = new object[] {“val1” , val2 , val3} where val1 , val2 , and val3 are the variables or literals representing the parameters for the method.
3. If the method is static, type object result = mi.

What is C&C beaconing?

What is C&C Beaconing? C&C servers can orchestrate a variety of nefarious acts, from denial of service (DoS) attacks to ransomware to data exfiltration. Often, the infected host will periodically check in with the C&C server on a regular schedule, hence the term beaconing.

What is C2 communication?

Command and Control Infrastructure, also known as C2 or C&C, is the set of tools and techniques that attackers use to maintain communication with compromised devices following initial exploitation.

What is the DNS role in botnet command and control?

DNS provides a distributed infrastructure for storing, updating, and disseminating data that conveniently fits the need for a large-scale command and control system. The HTTP protocol is for the end-to-end communication between a client and a server.

How do you invoke a dynamic method?

To define and execute a dynamic method

1. Declare a delegate type to execute the method.
2. Create an array that specifies the parameter types for the dynamic method.
3. Create a DynamicMethod.
4. Emit the method body.

What is dynamic type in C#?

C# 4 introduces a new type, dynamic . The type is a static type, but an object of type dynamic bypasses static type checking. In most cases, it functions like it has type object . At compile time, an element that is typed as dynamic is assumed to support any operation. Therefore, no compiler error is reported.

What is C2 analysis?

Understanding command and control (a.k.a. C2, CnC or C&C), is critical to effectively detect, analyze, and remediate malware incidents. In the world of malware, C2 is typically used to execute arbitrary commands on a victim system, report the status of a compromise to an attacker, or exfiltrate information.

What is C2 Framework?

Covenant is a . NET-based command and control (C2) framework by Ryan Cobb of SpecterOps that red teamers and pen testers use for offensive cyber operations. The open source framework features GUI, API, and plugin driven exploitation options that allow operators to interact with other offensive toolkits.

How does DNS command and control work?

If you’re unfamiliar with DNS command and control, the basic idea involves a C2 client sending data inside DNS queries. These DNS queries are forwarded across the internet’s DNS hierarchy to an authoritative DNS server, where the C2 server is located. The client is written in C, and the server is written in ruby.